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Colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the most prevalent cancers, has complex etiology. The imbalance ...of intestinal bacteria has been highlighted as an important contributor to CRC. F.nucleatum, an oral anaerobic opportunistic pathogen, is enriched in both stools and tumor tissues of patients with CRC. Therefore, F. nucleatum is considered to be a risk factor for CRC. Furthermore, F. nucleatum as a marker for the early warning and prognostic prediction of CRC, and as a target for prevention and treatment, is also described. F. nucleatum promotes intestinal tumor growth and its relative abundance varies greatly among patients with CRC, suggesting the presence of unknown, individual-specific effectors in F. nucleatum-dependent carcinogenesis. This indicates that personalized modulation of the gut microbiota may provide a more targeted strategy for CRC treatment.